سوم - دایره لغات

Hello. Welcome to the third lesson. You know what to do. Let’s get started.

The first word is “typical” Typical means usual or of a kind. It’s an adjective. A) The sinister* character in the movie wore a typical costume; a dark shirt, loud tie and tight jacket. B) The horse ran its typical race, a slow start and a slower finish, and my uncle lost his wager. C) It was typical of the latecomer to conceal the real cause of his lateness.

The next word we have is “minimum”, which means the least possible amount; the lowest amount. It’s a noun. Now, let’s see the examples. A) Studies show that adults need a minimum of six hours sleep. B) The minimum charge for a telephone, even if no calls are made, is about 60 dollars a month. That’s a lot of money! C) Congress has set a minimum wage for all workers.

The next word is “scarce”. As you can see in this picture, this old antique car is scarce which means hard to find or simply rare. It’s an adjective. A) Chairs which are older than one hundred years are scarce. B) Because there is little moisture in the desert, trees are scarce. C) How scarce are good cooks?

The next word we have is “annual”. It means once a year, something that happens or appears yearly or lasts for a year. It’s an adjective. It’s also a noun, but with a whole different meaning. A) The annual convention of musicians takes place in Hollywood. B) The publishers of the encyclopedia put out a book each year called an annual. C) Plants that live only one year are called annuals. Yeah, so as you noticed, we used it as a noun in our second and third sentences.

The next word we have is “persuade”. I guess in this picture the husband is trying to persuade his wife but she’s not listening. So, persuade means to win over to do or believe, or make willing. We can also say, convince. It’s a verb. A) Can you persuade him to give up his bachelor* days and get married? B) No one could persuade the captain to leave the sinking ship. C) Beth’s shriek* persuaded Jesse that she was in real danger.

Alright, the next word is “essential”, essential. You know what it means, right? Essential means necessary, very important. It’s an adjective. A) The essential items in the cake are flour, sugar and shortening. B) It is essential that we follow the road map. C) Several layers of thin clothing are essential to keeping warm in frigid* climates. Do you remember “frigid”? Of course, you do! It means very cold.

The next one is “blend”. Look at the picture, we have a blender here. It’s a device that blends, mixes things together. So, blend as a verb means to mix together thoroughly, and as a noun it means a mixture. Let’s take a look at the examples. A) The colors of the rainbow blend into one another. B) A careful blend of fine products will result in delicious food. C) When Jose blends the potatoes together, they come out very smooth. One more time, blend, to mix, a mixture.

The next one we have is “visible”. It means something that can be seen. It’s an adjective. Let me give you some examples. A) The ship was barely visible through the dense fog. B) Before the stars are visible, the sky has to become quite dark. C) You need a powerful lens to make some germs visible.

The next word is “expensive”, which means costly and high priced. Again, it’s an adjective. A) Because diamonds are scarce*, they are expensive. B) Margarine is much less expensive than butter. C) Shirley’s expensive dress created a great deal of excitement at the party.

Our next word, “talent”. Talent means a natural ability, something that is inside you, you are born with it. It’s a noun. A) Medori’s talent was noted when she was in first grade. B) Feeling that he had the essential* talent, Carlos tried out for the school play. C) Hard work can often make up for a lack of talent. It does, doesn’t it?

The next essential word is “devise”. Devise means to think out, plan and invent. It’s not device, with a “c”, which is a noun. It’s devise, with an “s”, and it’s a verb. A) The burglars devised a scheme for entering the bank at night. B) I would like to devise a method for keeping my toes from becoming numb* while I am ice skating. C) If we could devise a plan for using the abandoned* building, we could save thousands of dollars.

And our last word for this lesson is “wholesale”. Wholesale means in large quantity; less than retail in price. When something is being sold in large quantity, we call it a wholesale. Let’s hear the examples. A) The wholesale price of milk is six cents a quart lower than retail. So, we have retail here, which is kinda, the opposite of wholesale. B) Many people were angered by the wholesale slaughter of birds. Slaughter, it means killing. C) By buying my eggs wholesale, I save fifteen dollars a year.

Alright, we’re done. I know memorizing all these words could be a little challenging. But all you need to do, is to repeat. It’s impossible to learn without repeating.

See you in the next part, goodbye.