درس ۹۶ - گذشته ساده

They say practice makes perfect. Do you think that’s true? Well, practice helps. Hi. I’m Jennifer from English with Jennifer. Let’s study basic English grammar. In this lesson, we’ll practice talking about the past. You can study with my students Flavia and Andeia. First of all, do you know what these are?

This is a pen. What are these? Marker. Markers. Green markers. Pens. Pencils. Markers. Okay. I need your help. You’re each going to have a marker, and we need to Remember the past forms.

There are a lot of verbs with irregular forms, special forms in English. BE is one of them. So, for example, um, when we talked about “Little Red Riding Hood,” we said there was a girl. Her name was Little Red Riding Hood. So, the past forms of BE are WAS and WERE. Can you write WAS and WERE? WAS and WERE. Little Red Riding Hood was.was in the woods, and who did she meet? The wolf.

Mm-hmm. MEET becomes MET. Can you write MET? I can ask who.when Goldilocks went to the woods, she went into the woods, what did she see? She saw.she saw a house. She saw a house. We can also say.That’s okay. I could also say, “What did she find?” Found. She found a house.

The door was unlocked, and Goldilocks.F-O? F-O-U-N-D. Good. Found. Go - WENT. She went into the house. She went into the house, which was not very nice, and she found, um like, chairs and cereal. Lots of things. And what did she do? She sat. She sat on all those three chairs.

Yeah. And did Goldilocks do with the cereal? She ate. She ate it. Yeah. I don’t think she ate all of it, but she ate some of it. Goldilocks was.she was in the house, and the bear family arrived or we can say they came home. They came home and they found the little girl. There were not happy, and the little girl ran.ran away.

Yeah. LEAVE becomes LEFT. I think in the story, um, the three bears, they left their house because the cereal was too hot, and then they went for a walk. So they left their house that’s why they were not home when she.when she got there. When she got there. When she got there, no one was home. I can ask. “What did she do?” She did some bad things. Okay. Great.

Those are past tense forms. Now, sometimes we don’t just speak with these words. We need to say the opposite, and we use “not.” Right? So, for example, to sit. The past tense becomes SAT, but if we want to do the negative, what do we say? Didn’t sit. Or if you want to do the full form: did not sit.

But usually in conversation we say, “They didn’t sit.” Right? So, let’s try the negatives. For example, if I say, um, Goldilocks went to the woods and she found an apartment, you say, “No, Jennifer. She didn’t find an apartment. She found a house. Get it? So you have to correct me? Right? Um, Goldilocks went into the house and she sat on the floor. She didn’t sit on the floor.

She sat on the chair. On the chairs. Yeah. Three different chairs. Yeah. Okay. Goldilocks did wonderful things, kind things, beautiful things in the story. She did many kind things. She didn’t. she didn’t do kind things.kind things. She did.I don’t know.bad things. She was a bad girl. She did bad things. She did things that were not polite. Yeah. She didn’t do anything good. Okay.

Little Red Riding Hood went for a walk through the city. No, she didn’t go through the city. She went through the woods. Through the woods. She went through the woods. Um, in the woods, Little Red Riding Hood met an elephant. She didn’t met.meet.met. she didn’t.she didn’t met and elephant. She didn’t meet. She didn’t meet an elephant. She met a wolf. She met a wolf.

Yeah. Okay. Um, she saw. Oh, when she went to her grandmother’s house, she saw the wolf in her grandmother’s chair. She didn’t see the wolf in her grandmother’s chair. She saw the wolf in the bed. Yes. Yeah. And um, oh I know! So, the wolf went to the grandmother’s house, and the wolf was very nice to the grandmother. The wolf wasn’t very nice with.to the grandmother. Why?

The wolf ate.the wolf ate the grandmother. The wolf ate the grandmother. The bear family left their home at night. The bear family didn’t leave at home.leave their home.leave their home at night. They left home in the morning. In the morning or in the daytime. Yeah. I agree. Okay.

Good. So, just remember if we have the negative, you can use “did not” or “didn’t,” but with the form of BE, we don’t use “didn’t.” We used “wasn’t” and “weren’t.” Okay? Can you think of two things, maybe one or two things you didn’t do today or yesterday. So for example, um, yesterday, oh, I didn’t do the laundry. I wanted to do laundry. I didn’t do laundry. That’s something I didn’t do yesterday.

Is there something you wanted to do and you didn’t do? Yesterday? Yesterday or today. Yesterday I didn’t make lunch. You didn’t make lunch? You didn’t eat lunch? We.I went to a restaurant. Oh, that’s good. I thought you skipped lunch. Nice. Is there something you didn’t do this morning or yesterday?

I didn’t.yesterday I didn’t study. Oh. That’s okay. It was a holiday. It’s okay. Today you’re studying. And after we finish, you’ll study some more. Yes. Your turn. Make my sentences negative. Use “didn’t.” That’s the contraction or short form for “did not.” Ready? One. I sat on the sofa. I didn’t sit on the sofa.

Two. Flavia went to the store. Flavia didn’t go to the store. Three. Andreia found her wallet. Andreia didn’t find her wallet. Four. The ladies ran two miles. The ladies didn’t run two miles. Five. We ate lunch together. We didn’t eat lunch together. Good. Let’s go on with the lesson. Flavia, Andreia, and I will take turns. We each want to tell you a story in the past, of course. Listen. I have story.

I thought of a story I want to share with you. Okay? You have to listen because I’m going to ask questions. Right? There was a man. His name was John. One day he fell asleep. When he woke up, he knew ten languages. Then he met a woman. Her name was Brittany. She knew fifteen languages.

They fell in love. They got married. Brittany taught John five new languages. Now they’re happy. Okay. What was the man’s name? John. John. His name was John. Okay. Um, was he awake the whole time? What happened? What do we say? He.I forget. That’s why I have it. What happens to “fall”?

Fell. Fell. Fell.asleep. He fell asleep. He fell asleep. He woke up and what happened? When he woke up, what happened? He knew a woman? Well, later. Before he met the woman, he woke up and he.How how many languages did he know? He knew 10 languages. Ten. Ten.

Isn’t that nice? You go to sleep and whoo! 10 languages! So, he knew 10 languages. Okay? Then who did he meet? He meet.he met Brittany. He met Brittany. Mm-hmm. How many languages did Brittany know? Fifty? Fifteen. Fifteen. Yeah. She.not “know,” but she knew.she knew fifteen languages.

Yeah. And then what happened with John and Brittany? She fell in love. They fell in love and.they got married. They got married. Okay. And what did Brittany do for John? She taught. Taught. What happened? She taught five languages. She taught him five languages. She taught him five languages.

That’s my story about John and Brittany. Flavia, did you write a story for us? Hm-hmm. Yeah? Can you read it to us? Uh-huh. Last week Lucy made the cake for your son Joe. Joe wanted a chocolate cake with a caramel frosting. Lucy was happy to make the cake, and she prepared the cake and then she called Joe to see the chocolate cake. When Joe saw the cake, he was surprised.

Joe loved his cake. He ate a big slice of it. The cake he was delicious. Joe was so happy with his cake.Very nice. Yummy. I think everything was pretty clear. Let’s take a quick look. Listen. Here’s Flavia’s story with my corrections, just a few. Last Week Lucy made a cake for her son Joe. Joe wanted a chocolate cake with caramel frosting. Lucy was happy to make the cake. She prepared the cake and then she called Joe to see it. When Joe saw the cake he was surprised. Joe loved this cake. He ate a big slice of it. The cake was delicious. Joe was so happy with this cake . Andreia, how made the cake? Joe? No. No. Who made the cake?

There are two people. Lucy. Lucy made the cake. What kind of cake did she make? Made. She made. She made a.chocolate cake. She made a chocolate cake. Mm-hmm. How did Joe feel when he saw the cake?

He.he was happy. And? And ate? Well, happy and what’s that feeling like, “Ah!” And surprised. Surprised. He was surprised. Yeah. Did he eat a lot or a little? He. ate a lot. Yeah. He ate a lot. He ate a big slice. A big slice. A big slice of the cake. Okay. Very nice. I like this. Sparkly!

Okay. Did you write a story? Yes. Okay. Let’s listen. In the morning, Dumba and Narizinho woke up 5 a.m.They were very smart.They ran all over the house, making noise to wake me up. So, I woke up and gave them food. They ate and they slept. But I could not sleep later, so I say.I said, “Now that I’m going to wake them up and order my breakfast.” Your breakfast. My breakfast. Okay.

The cat story. Listen again. Here’s Andreia’s story with just a few corrections. In the morning Dumba and Narizinho woke up at 5 oclock A.M. The were very smart. They ran all over the house making noise to wake me up. So i woke up and gave them food. They ate and then slept. But i could not fall back asleep. So i said now im going to wake them up and make my breakfast. Okay. What time did the cats wake up? They woke up at 5. Five. Yeah. They woke up at 5 a.m. What did they do? They ran over the apartment. Ran around. They ran around or they ran all over. You could say they ran around the apartment.

They ran all over the apartment. It doesn’t matter. Okay. Were they quiet? Were they quiet? No, they were noisy. They were noisy. They were noisy. Um, did Andreia wake up? yes. What did she do? She gave she gave food for them. She gave them food. Some food. Yeah. She gave them food.

Or you can say she made them.she gave them breakfast. You could say if it’s breakfast. Or just a little food to be quiet? She gave them food. She gave them breakfast. Okay. Um, did she go back to sleep? No. Why? Because it was.The question I could also ask is, “Could she fall back asleep?” No.

She couldn’t fall back asleep. She couldn’t fall back asleep. Okay. Did the cats sleep again? Did they fall asleep? Yes. Yes. They fell asleep. So later, what did Andreia do? She.she woke up them.She woke them up or you can say she woke up the cats. She woke them up. She woke up the cats. “Them” here?

Yes, yes, if you have “them.” She woke them up. Woke them up. Or woke up the cats. She woke up the cats. with the cats and made her breakfast. Very nice ladies. Good job. A. A. These are all the verbs that we’ve been practicing. Okay. I’m going to shuffle. Do you know “shuffle?” I’m shuffling like when you play cards.

Poker or something. Shuffle the cards. Shuffle. Shuffle. I’m shuffling. I think the cards are shuffled. Let’s just quickly go through the past forms. We’ll take turns. Meet - met. See - saw. Be - was/were. Eat - ate. Run - ran. Know - knew. Make - made. Sleep - slept. Give - gave. Say - said. Wake up - woke up.

Do - did. Go - went. Come - came. Leave - left. Get - got. Fall - fell. Teach.pronunciation? . Taught. Taught. Taught. Can - could. Find - found. Sit - sat. Get - got. Very nice. So, my advice is I again just write stories.

It can be stories about real life, like your cats, or it could be stories using our imaginations. Whatever. But there’s so many verbs and the only way to learn is to practice. But not 50 a day. It’s not good. If you want to review and you know 50, that’s okay. But if they’re new, just a few each day.

And then review. And you’ll learn. Look how many you know already! I know you know more, but little by little, you’ll feel more confident. That’s all for now.