فال گوش ایستادن باعث آرامش سنجاب ها می شود

This is scientific American 60 second science, I’m Christopher Intagliata

Seems like any time you see a squirrel, it’s busy doing something—headed somewhere; scrounging for food. And being out and about all the time also means “they’re tasty morsels for a lot of different predators.”

Keith Tarvin, a behavioral ecologist at Oberlin College. He says squirrels scan their surroundings for hawks and owls, cats and foxes. But they also have another surveillance system: they eavesdrop on nearby birds.

“Eavesdropping on alarm calls or eavesdropping on chatter is a cheap and easy way to supplement the information they have access to. Because it’s free. It’s produced by other individuals in the environment. It’s publicly available to any organism that has the cognitive ability to recognize and interpret that information.”

Tarvin’s colleague Marie Lilly tested that ability by riding round town on her bicycle, stopping when she found a squirrel. Then she’d set up her equipment. Play the fearsome scream of a red-tailed hawk.

And then either play the casual, unworried chatter of songbirds or ambient noise as a control. All the while, she observed the squirrels’ behavior.

And she noticed that when squirrels heard the reassuring chatter of songbirds following the hawk’s scream, they relaxed more readily. “Imagine this: If you’re walking in a crowd, and everyone seems pretty happy and content, and they’re chitchatting with each other, you might even subconsciously take that as information that all of those eyes and ears perceive the environment as being safe. And we think the squirrels might be listening in on bird chatter in the same way.” The details are in the journal PLOS ONE.

Squirrels give back to the community, too, with their own alarm calls.

Which might help other eavesdropping animals. But in busy urban environments, Tarvin says that rich fabric of animal communication risks being drowned out, by the loudest animals around: us

Thanks for listening for scientific American 60 second science, I’m Christopher Intagliata